Large Cent (1793-1857)
The Large Cent, first minted in 1793, played a crucial role in the early U.S. economy by providing a larger denomination for everyday transactions. It was initially struck in pure copper and underwent several design changes over its production period.
Why It Started
The Large Cent was initially created to provide a larger denomination suitable for everyday transactions in the young American economy. Its introduction aimed to meet the increasing demand for a coinage medium that could handle larger values effectively.
Why It Ended
The Large Cent ceased production in 1857 primarily due to the rising costs of copper and the need for smaller denominations as the economy expanded. Its large size and high production costs made it less practical compared to smaller denomination coins like the Cent and Half Dime.
Small Cent (1856-Present)
The Small Cent, beginning with the Flying Eagle design in 1856, marked a transition to smaller and more cost-effective coinage. It aimed to address the need for practical small denomination coins amidst rising copper prices and changing economic conditions. Over the years, it evolved through different designs, including the iconic Lincoln Cent, reflecting cultural and technological advancements.
Why It Started
The Small Cent has continued in production to the present day due to its essential role in everyday transactions and its enduring popularity among collectors. Despite changes in materials and designs, the Small Cent remains a cornerstone of U.S. coinage, adapting to meet the evolving needs of commerce and numismatics.
| Years | Species | Front | Back | Evolve |
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| 1793 | Flowing Hair, Chain |  |
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| 1793 | Flowing Hair, Wreath |  |
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| 1793–1796 | Liberty Cap |  |
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| 1796–1807 | Draped Bust |  |
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| 1808–1814 | Classic Head |  |
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| 1816–1857 | Coronet / Braided Hair |  |
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| 1856–1858 | Flying Eagle |  |
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| 1859–1909 | Indian Head |  |
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| 1909–1958 | Lincoln Wheat Cent |  |
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| 1959–2008 | Lincoln Memorial Cent |  |
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| 2009 | Lincoln Bicentennial Cent |  |
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| 2010–Present | Lincoln Shield Cent |  |
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